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Updated: Sep 23, 2026

Using Visual and Narrative Methods to Achieve Fair Process in Clinical Care
Published on: February 16, 2011
The role of the ECHO model in outcomes research and clinical practice improvement
1Lovelace Clinic Foundation, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
Abstract:
In the articles that follow in this Special Report supplement to The American Journal of Managed Care, the reader will note that various types of outcomes--humanistic and economic, as well as clinical--are measured to achieve a balanced picture of the comprehensive impact of the healthcare interventions implemented. Clinical research has only recently evolved to a state in which a balanced-systems approach to outcomes measurement is moving to the forefront. It is therefore important to understand the historical context of the outcomes movement within which the multidimensional approach developed. A description of this historical context is provided below, followed by an overview of the ECHO (Economic, Clinical, and Humanistic Outcomes) Model and case examples of the balance-of-outcomes model as implemented in a large integrated delivery system.
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