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Indinavir crystallization and urolithiasis
F Grases1, A Costa-Bauzá, R García-González
1Laboratory of Urolithiasis Research, University of Illes Balears, Spain.
International Urology and Nephrology
|July 17, 1999
Summary
Indinavir crystallization accelerates in urine above pH 6.0. Natural saponins like escin and glycyrrhizic acid significantly delay indinavir precipitation, suggesting their potential to prevent kidney stone formation.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Nephrology
- Physical Chemistry
Background:
- Indinavir is an antiretroviral drug prone to crystallization in urine.
- Renal tubular solid deposition is a significant clinical concern associated with indinavir therapy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the kinetics of indinavir crystallization in synthetic urine.
- To evaluate the impact of pH and concentration on indinavir precipitation.
- To identify potential inhibitors of indinavir crystallization.
Main Methods:
- Kinetically studied indinavir crystallization in synthetic urine.
- Varied urinary pH and indinavir concentrations.
- Assessed the effect of natural saponins (escin, glycyrrhizic acid) on precipitation time.
Main Results:
- Indinavir precipitation time decreased significantly at urinary pH > 6.0.
- Escin and glycyrrhizic acid notably increased indinavir precipitation time.
- These findings suggest a concentration-dependent effect of pH on indinavir solubility.
Conclusions:
- Urinary pH is a critical factor influencing indinavir crystallization kinetics.
- Natural saponins demonstrate potential as crystallization inhibitors for indinavir.
- Further research may explore saponin-based strategies to mitigate indinavir-induced nephrotoxicity.