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Varicella zoster virus.
M L McCrary1, J Severson, S K Tyring
1Section of Dermatology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, USA.
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
|July 20, 1999
Summary
Varicella zoster virus (VZV) causes chickenpox and shingles. New vaccines and treatments are increasing the clinical importance of VZV infections, especially with rising HIV rates.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is unique for causing distinct diseases: chickenpox and shingles.
- Historically, viral exanthems were of limited clinical interest, but VZV remains significant.
- Increased HIV seroprevalence leads to younger onset and disseminated VZV infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the history, incidence, and pathogenesis of VZV infections.
- To discuss clinical manifestations of VZV, including chickenpox and shingles.
- To outline treatment options for VZV and postherpetic neuralgia.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of VZV history and epidemiology.
- Synthesis of current knowledge on VZV pathogenesis.
- Compilation of clinical presentations and treatment strategies.
Main Results:
- VZV's dual disease capacity makes it a notable viral agent.
- Antiviral agents and the varicella vaccine enhance VZV's clinical relevance.
- HIV co-infection increases the risk of severe VZV disease at younger ages.
Conclusions:
- VZV infections require updated clinical understanding due to new interventions and changing epidemiology.
- Effective management strategies for VZV and its complications are crucial.
- This review provides a comprehensive overview for practitioners managing VZV.