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Artificial cells, encapsulation, and immobilization.

¹Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Q.C., Canada. artcell@physio.mcgill.ca

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

|July 23, 1999

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Artificial cells, using encapsulation and immobilization, are key to bioartificial organs. Applications range from hemoperfusion and blood substitutes to enzyme therapy and cell therapies, showing broad clinical potential.

Area of Science:

Biotechnology and Biomedical Engineering
Cellular Engineering and Artificial Organs

Background:

Artificial cells, based on encapsulation and immobilization, are foundational for bioartificial organs.
Existing applications include hemoperfusion for toxin/drug removal and developing blood substitutes.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the principles and applications of artificial cells in bioartificial organs.
To highlight current and emerging therapeutic uses of encapsulated and immobilized biological materials.

Main Methods:

Review of established and developing techniques for cell encapsulation and immobilization.
Analysis of clinical and preclinical data for various artificial cell-based therapies.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

Hemoperfusion using encapsulated adsorbents is a clinically established therapy.

Hemoglobin-based blood substitutes are in advanced clinical trials (Phase II/III).

Encapsulated enzymes and various cell types (islets, hepatocytes, engineered cells) show significant therapeutic promise.

Conclusions:

Encapsulation and immobilization technologies are advancing the field of bioartificial organs.
These technologies enable diverse therapeutic strategies, from detoxification to cell-based regenerative medicine.