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Exacerbation of chemical sensitivity: a case study.
C S Miller1, R B Gammage, J T Jankovic
1Department of Family Practice, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio 78284-7794, USA. millercs@uthscsa.edu
Toxicology and Industrial Health
|July 23, 1999
Summary
Chemically sensitive individuals may experience worsening symptoms in new buildings, even when total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) decrease. Accommodations can help manage exposures for those with chemical sensitivities.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Occupational Health
- Toxicology
Background:
- Newly constructed buildings can emit complex mixtures of volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
- Individuals with pre-existing chemical sensitivities may react to low-level environmental exposures.
- Standard air quality measurements like total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) may not fully capture health risks for sensitive populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of a newly constructed office building's air quality on individuals reporting chemical sensitivities.
- To assess the relationship between VOC levels and symptom exacerbation in chemically sensitive occupants.
- To explore potential workplace accommodations for employees with chemical intolerances.
Main Methods:
- Case study of four self-described chemically sensitive women in a new office building.
- Monitoring of total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) and individual VOCs over time.
- Qualitative assessment of symptom changes and chemical intolerances reported by occupants.
Main Results:
- Three of four chemically sensitive women reported significant symptom exacerbation and broadened sensitivities after moving into the new building.
- Initial high TVOC levels decreased post-occupancy, yet symptoms worsened, suggesting complex mixture effects.
- Symptom severity varied, with some individuals managing by reducing exposure time or using air cleaners.
- Long-term air quality changes (fewer individual VOCs despite increased TVOCs) allowed some individuals to tolerate the environment better.
Conclusions:
- Complex VOC mixtures at low levels can trigger adverse reactions in chemically sensitive individuals, even if generally tolerated.
- TVOC measurements alone may not accurately reflect the health impact on individuals with chemical sensitivities.
- Workplace accommodations, such as reduced time in the building or air filtration, can be effective in managing exposures and enabling continued employment.