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[Congenital generalized cutis laxa: 5 cases].

M Rybojad1, C Baumann, G Godeau

  • 1Service de dermatologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris.

Annales De Dermatologie Et De Venereologie
|July 28, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Congenital cutis laxa is a rare genetic disorder. This study highlights its clinical and genetic heterogeneity, with varied inheritance patterns and prognoses observed in five pediatric cases.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Genetics
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Congenital cutis laxa is an exceptionally rare connective tissue disorder.
  • No extensive case series have been published in French literature.
  • This report details five pediatric cases observed between 1993 and 1997.

Observation:

  • Five children presenting with congenital generalized cutis laxa were evaluated.
  • Diagnostic methods included family history, visceral assessments, skin biopsies with histological and histomorphometric analysis, karyotyping, and copper metabolism tests.
  • Specific tests included orceine staining for elastic fibers and assessment of serum copper (cupremia) and ceruloplasmin levels.

Findings:

  • Clinical diagnosis was confirmed histologically in all cases.

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  • One case showed discrete ultrastructural anomalies and possible autosomal dominant inheritance.
  • Four cases exhibited probable autosomal recessive inheritance with severe prognoses, including one fatality due to pulmonary emphysema and others with severe malformative syndromes.
  • Implications:

    • Congenital cutis laxa represents a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders.
    • Associated anomalies in some patients were not directly linked to elastic tissue abnormalities.
    • Findings underscore the complexity of cutis laxa and the need for comprehensive genetic and clinical evaluation.