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Subjectivity and objectivity in analytic listening.

H F Smith1

  • 1Psychoanalytic Institute of New England, USA. Hfsmith1@compuserve.com

Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association
|July 28, 1999
PubMed
Summary
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Objectivity and subjectivity are not opposing concepts but interdependent pathways to knowledge. Analysts misuse these theories by creating a false dichotomy, hindering effective technical recommendations and hypothesis testing.

Area of Science:

  • Epistemology
  • Philosophy of Science
  • Decision Making Theory

Background:

  • Analysts frequently employ subjectivity and intersubjectivity in technical recommendations.
  • This often represents a theoretical misuse, conflating nuanced concepts with idealized extremes.

Observation:

  • The dichotomy between objectivity and subjectivity is fundamentally flawed.
  • A concept of subjectivity necessitates a concept of objectivity, and vice versa.
  • Pure objectivity is an unattainable ideal, distinct from practical objectivity.

Findings:

  • Objectivity pertains to the perception of the external, while subjectivity relates to the internal experience.
  • Both objectivity and subjectivity are essential and interdependent for knowledge acquisition.

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  • Exclusive reliance on either naive objectivism or naive subjectivism constitutes a regression in analytical thinking.

    • Implications:

    • Hypothesis formation and testing in clinical and technical fields require the integration of both subjective and objective listening.
    • Recognizing the interdependence of objectivity and subjectivity can lead to more robust and accurate technical recommendations.
    • Moving beyond a false dichotomy enhances analytical rigor and understanding.