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Diurnal differences in amphetamine sensitization.

O Gaytan1, C Lewis, A Swann

  • 1Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, 77225, USA.

European Journal of Pharmacology
|July 28, 1999
PubMed
Summary
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Repeated amphetamine exposure causes sensitization in rat motor activity, particularly forward ambulation. This effect is dose-dependent and strongest when the drug is administered during the dark cycle.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Amphetamine (AMPH) is a psychostimulant drug with a known potential for inducing behavioral sensitization.
  • Understanding the factors influencing AMPH sensitization, such as dose, timing, and activity measures, is crucial for predicting its effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the development and time dependence of behavioral sensitization to repeated amphetamine administration.
  • To compare sensitization of different motor activity indices (total distance vs. vertical activity) and its dependence on challenge dose.

Main Methods:

  • Male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to daily injections of amphetamine (0.6 mg/kg) at different times of day (0800, 1400, 2000, or 0200 h) for 16 days.
  • Locomotor activity (total distance and vertical activity) was continuously recorded using a computerized system.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Locomotor responses to challenge doses of amphetamine (0.3, 0.6, or 1.2 mg/kg) were assessed before and after the repeated administration period.

    • Main Results:

    • Sensitization was observed, with a more pronounced effect on total distance (forward ambulation) compared to vertical activity (rearing).
    • The expression of sensitization was dependent on the challenge dose of amphetamine.
    • A significant time-dependent effect was found, with the strongest sensitized response occurring when challenged during the middle of the dark cycle (0200 h).
    • Repeated administration of 0.6 mg/kg amphetamine did not induce post-stimulant depression.

    Conclusions:

    • Repeated amphetamine exposure leads to dose-dependent behavioral sensitization in rats.
    • The timing of drug administration significantly influences the development and expression of sensitization, with the dark cycle being a critical period.
    • Sensitization primarily affects forward ambulation more than rearing behavior.