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Informational symmetry breaking between proteins and nucleic acids.

K Maekawa1

  • 1Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto, Japan.

Bio Systems
|July 30, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Information processing between proteins and nucleic acids shows symmetry breaking. This study generalizes this to genetic and anti-genetic polymers, exploring their functions in complex molecular mixtures.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Information Theory

Background:

  • The anti-symmetry of information processing between proteins and nucleic acids is a fundamental concept.
  • Genetic polymers (like nucleic acids) form specific double-stranded structures.
  • Anti-genetic polymers (like proteins) can form open, multi-stranded structures with information reinterpretation potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To generalize the concept of anti-symmetry to informational symmetry breaking between genetic and anti-genetic polymers, independent of specific chemical compositions.
  • To investigate the potential for informational symmetry breaking within a single chemical species, such as polypeptides acting as genetic polymers and nucleic acids as anti-genetic polymers.
  • To characterize the informational functions of genetic and anti-genetic polymers within complex macromolecular mixtures.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical generalization of information-processing mechanisms.
  • Analysis of polymer structural properties (double-stranded vs. multi-stranded).
  • Examination of information reinterpretation through structural dynamics (slides/shifts).

Main Results:

  • The principle of informational symmetry breaking is extended beyond specific molecules like proteins and nucleic acids.
  • Polypeptides can function as genetic polymers, and nucleic acids as anti-genetic polymers, within a hierarchical organization.
  • Distinct informational functions of genetic and anti-genetic polymers in complex mixtures are identified.

Conclusions:

  • Informational symmetry breaking is a generalizable principle applicable to various polymer types.
  • Hierarchical organization within a single chemical species can lead to complex informational functions.
  • Understanding these distinct polymer functions is crucial for comprehending macromolecular systems.

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