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Related Experiment Videos

Pertussis adjuvant prolongs intestinal hypersensitivity.

U Kosecka1, M C Berin, M H Perdue

  • 1Intestinal Disease Research Programme, and Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Canada.

International Archives of Allergy and Immunology
|August 7, 1999
PubMed
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Pertussis toxin (PT) prolongs food allergy sensitization in rats. Even small amounts of PT with food antigens lead to long-term intestinal hypersensitivity and altered neuroimmune function.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergy Research
  • Neurogastroenterology

Background:

  • Immediate hypersensitivity reactions are key to allergic diseases like food allergy.
  • The mechanism of allergen sensitization is unclear, but bacterial adjuvants may play a role.
  • Pertussis toxin (PT) is a bacterial product investigated for its adjuvant properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of pertussis toxin (PT) in inducing intestinal hypersensitivity.
  • To determine if PT can prolong the sensitization period to food antigens.

Main Methods:

  • Rats were sensitized with ovalbumin (OA) alone or with 50 ng of PT.
  • Jejunal tissues were mounted in Ussing chambers to assess secretory responses to OA challenge and nerve stimulation.

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Main Results:

  • Sensitization to OA alone was transient, with responses and IgE titers declining by 14 days.
  • Co-administration of PT with OA resulted in long-lasting sensitization, with responses present 8 months post-immunization.
  • PT enhanced secretory responses to nerve stimulation, increased mast cell numbers, and elevated IgE titers.

Conclusions:

  • Nanogram quantities of PT administered with food proteins induce long-term sensitization and alter intestinal neuroimmune function.
  • Bacterial pathogens may prolong normally transient immune responses to food antigens.
  • PT acts as a potent adjuvant, extending the duration of allergic sensitization.