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Intrauterine growth retardation and long-term effects on growth
1Miami Children's Hospital, Department of Medical Education, Florida 33155, USA.
Insights
Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) leads to significant health issues and growth disabilities. Recent studies explore human growth hormone and genetic factors to improve outcomes for affected children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Endocrinology
- Genetics
Background:
- Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) is a prevalent condition associated with significant morbidity and mortality.
- Long-term growth disabilities are a critical sequela of IUGR, impacting final height potential.
- Emerging evidence links IUGR causes to adult-onset disorders.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the impact of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) on child development.
- To evaluate recent trials using human growth hormone for IUGR management.
- To discuss advances in fetal growth, genetics, and endocrine factors related to IUGR.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent clinical trials involving human growth hormone therapy in IUGR patients.
- Analysis of epidemiological and clinical data on IUGR causes.
- Examination of genetic and endocrine factors influencing fetal growth.
Main Results:
- Human growth hormone therapy shows potential in maximizing growth and final height in children with IUGR.
- Recent advances in understanding genetic and endocrine factors are crucial for fetal growth.
- IUGR etiology is increasingly linked to adult-onset conditions.
Conclusions:
- Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) requires comprehensive management strategies focusing on long-term growth.
- Human growth hormone offers a promising therapeutic avenue for improving growth outcomes.
- Further research into IUGR's origins and long-term health implications is essential.
Abstract:
The authors present intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) as an entity with significant prevalence, morbidity, and mortality. They discuss short-term and long-term sequelae, and particularly emphasize long-term growth disabilities. The authors review the most important trials with human growth hormone that have been carried out recently to maximize the growth and final height potential of children affected with IUGR. They also highlight the most recent advances in the field of fetal growth, with special attention to genetic and endocrine factors. Finally, the authors discuss in detail epidemiological and clinical evidence of the causes of IUGR in relation to several adult onset disorders.