Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 10, 2026
07:54
Isolation of Neonatal Extrahepatic Cholangiocytes
Published on: June 5, 2014
Juvenile xanthogranuloma presenting as obstructive jaundice.
Journal of Pediatric Surgery
|August 12, 1999
Summary
A 9-month-old infant with obstructive jaundice was diagnosed with juvenile xanthogranuloma. This rare condition, associated with cytomegalovirus, presented as a pancreatic mass.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Gastroenterology
- Surgical Pathology
- Pediatric Oncology
Background:
- Obstructive jaundice in infants can stem from various causes, including rare pancreatic masses.
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections are common in infants and have been anecdotally linked to other rare conditions.
Observation:
- A 9-month-old infant presented with obstructive jaundice and distended extrahepatic biliary tract.
- Urine analysis was positive for cytomegalovirus.
- A 1-cm pancreatic head mass was identified, initially concerning for malignancy.
Findings:
- Intraoperative frozen section analysis could not definitively exclude malignancy.
- Histopathological examination confirmed the mass as juvenile xanthogranuloma.
- The final diagnosis was juvenile xanthogranuloma, with a noted association with cytomegalovirus.
Implications:
- This case highlights juvenile xanthogranuloma as a rare cause of obstructive jaundice in infants.
- The findings support a potential association between cytomegalovirus infection and juvenile xanthogranuloma.
- Further research may elucidate the pathogenetic link between CMV and juvenile xanthogranuloma in pediatric cases.
Related Concept Videos
01:33Pleiotropy
Pleiotropy is the phenomenon in which a single gene impacts multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. For example, defects in the SOX10 gene cause Waardenburg Syndrome Type 4, or WS4, which can cause defects in pigmentation, hearing impairments, and an absence of intestinal contractions necessary for elimination. This diversity of phenotypes results from the expression pattern of SOX10 in early embryonic and fetal development. SOX10 is found in neural crest cells that form melanocytes,...
01:14Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives
The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
01:17Gallbladder
The gallbladder is a small, pear-shaped organ that plays a crucial role in our digestive system. Measuring about 10 cm in length, it is comparable in size to a kiwi fruit and is located in a hollow area on the lower surface of the liver. The gallbladder's primary function is to store and concentrate bile, a fluid produced by the liver that aids in digestion.
The gallbladder's anatomy consists of three regions: the fundus, body, and neck. Extending from the neck, the cystic duct joins the common...
The gallbladder's anatomy consists of three regions: the fundus, body, and neck. Extending from the neck, the cystic duct joins the common...
01:26Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder
Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
Cirrhosis is characterized by the scarring of hepatic lobules in the liver, which are replaced by fibrous tissue, affecting the liver's normal functioning. NAFLD, on the other hand, is caused by an excessive build-up of fat in the liver, not related to...
Cirrhosis is characterized by the scarring of hepatic lobules in the liver, which are replaced by fibrous tissue, affecting the liver's normal functioning. NAFLD, on the other hand, is caused by an excessive build-up of fat in the liver, not related to...
01:25Jaundice
Jaundice, or icterus, is the yellow discoloration of the skin, sclerae, and mucous membranes. It happens when plasma bilirubin levels rise above 2.5-3 mg/dL, leading to bilirubin deposition in tissue.Bilirubin is a byproduct of hemoglobin degradation. In macrophages, hemoglobin breaks down into globin and heme. Globin is converted into amino acids, while heme is turned into biliverdin by heme oxygenase, which is then reduced to unconjugated bilirubin by biliverdin reductase.Unconjugated...
01:20Cholecystitis
Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, most commonly caused by obstruction of the cystic duct. This blockage prevents bile from draining, leading to gallbladder distension, inflammation, and potentially serious complications. This condition may present acutely or chronically and can happen with or without gallstones.EtiologyAbout 95% of cholecystitis cases are calculous, caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct, leading to bile accumulation and inflammation of the gallbladder...