Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 13, 2026

An In Vitro Dormancy Model of Estrogen-sensitive Breast Cancer in the Bone Marrow: A Tool for Molecular Mechanism Studies and Hypothesis Generation
Published on: June 30, 2015
Cortical spreading depression increases protein synthesis and upregulates basic fibroblast growth factor
N Kawahara1, C A Ruetzler, G Mies
1Stroke Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. kawahara-tky@umin.ac.jp
Abstract:
Protective effects of cortical spreading depression (CSD) against ischemic damage have been demonstrated in cortex when elicited at either 24 h or 3 days prior to ischemia. The present study was carried out to investigate possible mechanisms of neuroprotection following CSD. In Sprague-Dawley rats, 5 M KCl, 5 M NaCl, or physiological saline was applied to the cortex for 1 h. Repetitive CSD waves were elicited only in the KCl group. Measurements of cerebral glucose utilization demonstrated a marked reduction in affected cortex and subcortical regions in both the NaCl and the KCl groups, whereas cortical and hippocampal protein synthesis was discretely increased only in the KCl group. Immunohistochemistry of GFAP demonstrated a rapid activation in reactive astrocytes at 3 days in the KCl group whereas only a discrete activation was observed in the NaCl group. Similar changes were observed for basic fibroblast growth factor. Our results suggest that CSD-induced ischemic tolerance is not due to a reduction in energy metabolism but rather is associated with an upregulation of trophic factors and glial cell activation which might provide a mechanism for a long-lasting neuroprotection.
More Related Videos
09:52Modified Roller Tube Method for Precisely Localized and Repetitive Intermittent Imaging During Long-term Culture of Brain Slices in an Enclosed System
Published on: December 28, 2017
11:44Cellular Membrane Affinity Chromatography Columns to Identify Specialized Plant Metabolites Interacting with Immobilized Tropomyosin Kinase Receptor B
Published on: January 19, 2022
Related Concept Videos
G-protein Coupled Receptors
Long-term Depression
Amyloid Fibrils
Amyloid deposits were observed as early as 1639 in the liver and the spleen. In 1854, Rudolph Virchow performed iodine staining, normally used to...
Mitogens and the Cell Cycle
Introduction to Fibroblasts
TGF - β Signaling Pathway