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Hypothesized simple factor structure for the Alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire: confirmatory factor analysis.

P W Vik1, P D Carrello, P E Nathan

  • 1Department of Psychology, Idaho State University, Pocatello 83209-8112, USA. vikpete@isu.edu

Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology
|September 3, 1999
PubMed
Summary
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This study validated the Alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire's (AEQ) factor structure, finding it accurately reflects how people expect alcohol to affect them socially and personally, positively or negatively.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • The Alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire (AEQ) is a key tool for understanding alcohol expectancies.
  • Previous research has not fully established a robust theoretical factor structure for the AEQ.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and test a theoretical factor structure for the Alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire (AEQ).
  • To examine how hypothesized factors of alcohol expectancies relate to negative affect and self-efficacy.

Main Methods:

  • Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the proposed four-factor model (Social Enhancement, Social Coping, Personal Enhancement, Personal Coping) of the AEQ.
  • The study involved 180 male and 226 female undergraduates who completed the AEQ and other self-report measures.
  • Post hoc adjustments and higher-order factor modeling were employed to refine the structure.

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Main Results:

  • The hypothesized four-factor model demonstrated a good fit to the data, which was further improved by post hoc adjustments.
  • A higher-order factor model provided the best fit, indicating a hierarchical structure of alcohol expectancies.
  • Personal Coping expectancies uniquely correlated with negative affect, while self-efficacy for emotional relief linked to Personal Coping and social pressure to Social Enhancement.

Conclusions:

  • The validated factor structure of the AEQ provides a nuanced understanding of alcohol expectancies.
  • Findings support the distinction between personal and social, as well as positive and negative, dimensions of alcohol expectancies.
  • The study highlights the differential relationships between specific expectancy factors and psychological variables like negative affect and self-efficacy.