Current periodontal plastic procedures around teeth and dental implants

Area of Science:

• Periodontology
• Periodontal Plastic Surgery
• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Background:

• Periodontal plastic procedures address defects in gingiva, alveolar mucosa, or bone.
• These defects can stem from anatomical, developmental, traumatic, or plaque-induced causes.
• Aesthetic enhancement is a primary goal, often in conjunction with restorative or orthodontic therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review prominent periodontal plastic surgery techniques for mucogingival deficiencies.
• To illustrate methods including pedicle grafts, free soft tissue grafts, and combination grafts.
• To discuss potential complications associated with these procedures.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature on periodontal plastic surgery techniques.
• Illustration of prominent surgical methods for addressing mucogingival deficiencies.
• Discussion of complications associated with periodontal plastic procedures.

Main Results:

• Key techniques for mucogingival reconstruction were identified and illustrated.
• The role of these procedures in combination with other dental therapies was highlighted.
• Potential complications were discussed to inform clinical practice.

Conclusions:

• Periodontal plastic surgery offers solutions for various mucogingival defects.
• Grafting techniques are crucial for both functional and aesthetic restoration.
• Awareness of potential complications is essential for successful outcomes.