[The etiology and pathogenesis of Sprengel's disease]

Basing on the analysis of clinico-radiological and functional signs, electromyographic and histological changes in the shoulder girdle (SG) upper extremities muscles, macro- and microscopic investigations of omovertebral formations in the patients with Sprengel disease, and the literature data there was formulated the scheme of etiology and pathogenesis of the inborn high position of shoulder blade. The leading role in the Sprengel disease etiology plays teratogenic exo- or endogenous harmful agent, affecting mesenchymal tissue in the moment of the vertebral column and SG inlay on the 4-5th week of embryogenesis. Underdevelopment and degeneration of the SG muscles, creation of fibrous, fibrous-cartilaginous and osteal tissues due to the embryogenesis disorder occurrence, are playing essential role in pathogenesis of anatomic-functional disorders, causing occurrence of the inborn high position of shoulder blade.