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Type 1 diabetes in Thai children aged 0-14 years
S Likitmaskul1, K Angsusingha, S Morris
1Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Summary
This study analyzed Thai childhood type 1 diabetes cases from 1987-1996, finding a higher prevalence in summer and winter. Further research is needed on seasonal influences and family history in pediatric diabetes.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Endocrinology
- Metabolism
Background:
- Childhood diabetes diagnosis in Thailand between 1987-1996.
- Fifty-nine pediatric patients were initially diagnosed, with 55 confirmed as type 1 diabetes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize Thai childhood type 1 diabetes.
- To investigate seasonal variations in diagnosis.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 55 pediatric type 1 diabetes patients.
- Data collected from the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital.
Main Results:
- Female to male ratio of 1.39:1.
- Peak diagnosis age: 9-12 years.
- 77% presented with diabetic ketoacidosis.
- Majority (93.9%) had BMI < 20 kg/m2.
- 38% reported family history of diabetes (2% type 1).
- Higher prevalence in summer (35-48%) and winter (37-50%) compared to rainy season (14.8-15%).
Conclusions:
- Thai childhood type 1 diabetes shows distinct seasonal patterns, unlike previous findings.
- Further research is essential to understand seasonal influences, incidence, and family history significance.