[Solubilization of chromatin by an endogenous enzymic Ca2+, Mg2+-dependent factor. Activity of residual chromatin]

An endogenous Ca2+, Mg2+-dependent factor of enzymic nature (apparently an endonuclease) digests a part of chromatin in the rat liver nuclei producing DNA fragments of an uniform size. After 60 min of incubation at 15 degrees C and pH 7.50 in the presence of 5 mM MgCl2 and 2 mM CaCl2 87-93% of the total chromatin becomes soluble. The insoluble chromatin however contains 70-85% of the in vivo newly synthesized RNA. In regenerating liver the proportion of the insoluble residual chromatin increases while the radioactivity of the newly synthesized DNA in this fraction is highest. Residual chromatin can be solubilized by ultrasonic treatment only. The Ca2+, Mg2+-dependent dissolving factor is not present either in brain or in PMN leucocyte nuclei.