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Humoral response to herpes simplex virus is complement-dependent.

X J Da Costa¹, M A Brockman, E Alicot

¹Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

|October 27, 1999

Summary

The complement system is crucial for effective immune memory against viral infections. Deficiencies in complement components impair B cell memory responses, reducing antibody production and germinal centers.

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Innate Immunity
Adaptive Immunity

Background:

The complement system is a key component of innate immunity, involving a cascade of serum proteins.
Recent research indicates complement links innate and adaptive immunity, enhancing B cell memory responses to protein antigens.
Its role in antiviral immune responses in peripheral tissues requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the importance of complement in immune responses to viral infection in peripheral tissues.
To compare B cell memory responses in mice with deficiencies in complement components (C3, C4, CD21/CD35) versus wild-type controls.

Main Methods:

Comparative analysis of B cell memory responses in genetically modified mice and wild-type controls.
Assessment of IgG antibody levels and germinal center formation as indicators of memory response.

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Main Results:

Mice deficient in complement C3, C4, or CD21/CD35 exhibited impaired B cell memory responses.
A significant reduction in IgG antibody production was observed in deficient mice.
Germinal center formation was notably reduced in mice lacking complement components.

Conclusions:

Complement plays a vital role in stimulating memory B cell responses to viral-infected cell antigens.
This importance extends to both blood and peripheral tissues, highlighting complement's broad function in immunity.
Complement is essential for robust immune memory beyond its effector functions in innate immunity.