Utility of RET mutation analysis in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2

To review the role of RET mutation analysis in the diagnosis of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN 2) and in presymptomatic screening for this disorder.

Review of the medical literature and current clinical practice.

RET mutation analysis is a sensitive and specific test for MEN 2. It plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis and management of patients and families with MEN 2 and in the individual who presents with an apparently sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma or pheochromocytoma. These disorders may first come to the attention of either the anatomic or clinical pathologist, who has the opportunity to see that appropriate testing is done. As with any familial disease, professional genetic counseling is an important part of the care of these patients.