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Skin changes secondary to hydroxyurea therapy.

B J Kennedy, L R Smith, R W Goltz

    Archives of Dermatology
    |February 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Hydroxyurea effectively treats chronic myelogenous leukemia but can cause skin issues like hair loss and pigmentation changes. These dermatologic side effects, resembling lichen planus, informed its use in psoriasis treatment.

    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Dermatology

    Background:

    • Hydroxyurea is a known treatment for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML).
    • Potential toxic reactions include myelosuppression and megaloblastosis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To document dermatologic alterations observed during long-term hydroxyurea maintenance therapy.
    • To explore the relationship between these skin changes and the drug's mechanism.

    Main Methods:

    • Observational study of 20 patients undergoing long-term hydroxyurea therapy for CML.
    • Clinical and histologic examination of dermatologic side effects.

    Main Results:

    • Seven of 20 patients developed dermatologic alterations.
    • Manifestations included alopecia, hyperpigmentation, scaling, skin atrophy, nail changes, and erythema.

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  • Histologic findings were consistent with lichen planus.

    • Conclusions:

    • Long-term hydroxyurea therapy can induce significant dermatologic side effects.
    • The observed skin changes, histologically similar to lichen planus, contributed to investigating hydroxyurea for psoriasis treatment.