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[Models for the study of memory and neurosteroids]
C Mathis1, H Meziane, A Ungerer
1Laboratoire d'Ethologie et de Neurobiologie, URA 1295 CNRS, Université Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, France. mathisc@currif.u-strasbg.fr
Journal De La Societe De Biologie
|October 30, 1999
Summary
Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) and pregnenolone sulfate (Preg-S) are brain neurosteroids that enhance memory. They work by modulating neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity in memory-related brain regions.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Neurochemistry
- Cognitive Science
Context:
- Naturally occurring brain steroids dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) and pregnenolone sulfate (Preg-S) are synthesized in the brain.
- These neurosteroids play a role in cognitive functions, particularly memory.
Purpose:
- To review the mechanisms by which DHEA-S and Preg-S influence learning and memory.
- To discuss the links between their neurochemical actions and memory-enhancing effects.
Summary:
- DHEA-S and Preg-S improve both short-term and long-term memory in rodents across various learning tasks and amnesia models.
- These neurosteroids modulate GABAergic and glutamatergic synaptic transmission via interactions with GABA-A, NMDA, and sigma 1 receptors.
- They also facilitate acetylcholine release and modulate synaptic plasticity in memory-related brain regions like the hippocampus.
Impact:
- Understanding the promnestic effects of DHEA-S and Preg-S provides insights into potential therapeutic targets for memory disorders.
- This review highlights the complex roles of neurosteroids in cognitive function and synaptic plasticity.