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Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Use of Freeze-thawed Embryos for High-efficiency Production of Genetically Modified Mice

Use of Freeze-thawed Embryos for High-efficiency Production of Genetically Modified Mice

Published on: April 2, 2020

[Applications of genetically modified animals].

Louis-Marie Houdebine¹

¹louis.houdebine@jouy.inra.fr

Journal De La Societe De Biologie

|February 4, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Transgenic animal technology has advanced significantly since 1980, enabling gene transfer across species for research and therapeutic applications. New tools enhance gene editing efficiency, paving the way for medical treatments and improved animal production.

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Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Genetics
Biotechnology

Context:

The development of transgenic animals began in 1980 with mice.
Gene transfer techniques have been refined for approximately fifteen species.
Low yields in gene integration necessitate alternative strategies like using intermediate cells (ES, EG, iPS) or somatic cell nuclear transfer.

Purpose:

To review the advancements in transgenesis techniques and their applications.
To highlight tools that improve gene editing efficiency and transgene expression.
To discuss the current and future uses of genetically modified animals.

Summary:

Gene transfer techniques have been adapted for multiple species, with strategies to overcome low integration yields.
Advanced tools like meganucleases, ZFNs, and interfering RNAs enhance gene editing and expression.
Genetically modified animals are crucial for biological research, disease modeling, and producing pharmaceutical proteins.

Impact:

Transgenic animals are vital for understanding biological functions and human diseases.
Applications include producing recombinant proteins in milk and exploring xenotransplantation of pig organs.
Future uses may include improved animal production, pending environmental safety assessments for species like transgenic salmon.