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Related Experiment Videos

Retinoic acid affects left-right patterning.

S Wasiak1, D Lohnes

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.

Developmental Biology
|November 5, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Excess retinoic acid (RA) disrupts embryonic left-right axis formation by altering gene expression in nascent mesoderm, affecting heart development. This study reveals retinoids

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Embryogenesis
  • Molecular Genetics

Background:

  • Left-right axis patterning is crucial for organ development.
  • Key molecular players in left-right axis determination are being identified.
  • The role of retinoids in early embryonic patterning requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of excess retinoic acid (RA) on left-right axis patterning.
  • To identify specific genes and developmental stages affected by RA exposure.
  • To understand the mechanism by which retinoids influence embryonic asymmetry.

Main Methods:

  • Exposure of developing embryos to excess retinoic acid during critical developmental windows.
  • Analysis of gene expression patterns for key left-right axis markers (e.g., lefty, nodal, pitx-2).
  • Time-course experiments and analysis of midline markers to pinpoint RA targets.

Main Results:

  • Excess RA exposure led to bilateral expression of lefty-1, lefty-2, nodal, and pitx-2 in the lateral plate mesoderm.
  • Nascent mesoderm was identified as a primary target of RA in this process.
  • Perturbations in heart looping were observed, correlating with altered gene expression.

Conclusions:

  • Excess retinoic acid disrupts the establishment of the left-right embryonic axis.
  • Retinoids influence early embryonic asymmetry by targeting nascent mesoderm and regulating key developmental genes.
  • These findings provide insights into retinoid signaling in heart situs and embryonic patterning.

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