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[Activity of antioxidant enzymes in liver and brain is decreased in the early stage of diabetes, and this decrease

E A Kosenko1, A Iu Kaminskiĭ, Iu G Kaminskiĭ

  • 1Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics RAS, Pushchino, Russia.

Voprosy Meditsinskoi Khimii
|November 5, 1999
PubMed

Insights

Alloxan-induced diabetes in rats significantly reduced antioxidant enzyme activities in the liver and forebrain. MK-801 administration prevented these changes, suggesting a role for antioxidant enzyme suppression and glutamate NMDA receptors in diabetes progression.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Neuroscience
  • Endocrinology

Context:

  • Alloxan-induced diabetes is a common model for studying diabetes mellitus.
  • Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications.
  • Glutamate NMDA receptors play critical roles in neuronal function and plasticity.

Purpose:

  • To investigate the impact of alloxan-induced diabetes on antioxidant enzyme activities in rat liver and forebrain.
  • To evaluate the effect of MK-801, a glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist, on these enzymatic alterations.
  • To explore the potential involvement of antioxidant enzyme suppression and NMDA receptors in diabetes progression.

Summary:

  • Diabetic rats exhibited significantly decreased activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase in both liver and forebrain cytosolic fractions.
  • Administration of MK-801 effectively prevented these reductions in antioxidant enzyme activities.
  • These findings indicate that impaired antioxidant defense mechanisms may be an early biochemical event in diabetes, potentially mediated by glutamate NMDA receptor pathways.

Impact:

  • The study suggests that reduced antioxidant enzyme activity is a primary biochemical disturbance in diabetes progression.
  • It highlights the potential involvement of glutamate NMDA receptors in the molecular mechanisms of diabetes.
  • These findings could inform therapeutic strategies targeting oxidative stress and NMDA receptor pathways for diabetes management.

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