[Gynecologic neoplasms in pregnancy]

Area of Science:

• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Oncology
• Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Context:

• Cancer in pregnancy is rare, posing unique challenges for patients, families, and healthcare providers.
• Decisions involve medical, ethical, social, and emotional considerations.
• Common cancers include cervical, breast, melanoma, and ovarian malignancies.

Purpose:

• To outline the management principles for common cancers diagnosed during pregnancy.
• To emphasize the importance of treating cancer while optimizing fetal maturity.
• To highlight specific considerations for cervical, breast, and ovarian cancers during pregnancy.

Summary:

• Cancer treatment during pregnancy generally prioritizes treating the malignancy while allowing fetal development.
• Cervical cancer treatment can be delayed without adverse outcomes; breast cancer diagnosis is often delayed, requiring thorough workup.
• Chemotherapy is possible, with risks varying by trimester; breast-conservation is an option, but radiotherapy is deferred post-birth. Ovarian cancer management follows non-pregnant guidelines.

Impact:

• Provides guidance for managing complex cancer cases in pregnant patients.
• Informs clinical decision-making regarding treatment timing and modality.
• Supports optimal outcomes for both mother and child in challenging circumstances.