Cyclodextrin-based optosensor for the determination of warfarin in waters

Area of Science:

• Analytical Chemistry
• Sensor Technology
• Environmental Monitoring

Background:

• Warfarin is a widely used anticoagulant and rodenticide.
• Accurate detection of warfarin is crucial for therapeutic monitoring and environmental safety.
• Existing detection methods may lack sensitivity or require complex sample preparation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a novel flow-through optosensor for sensitive warfarin detection.
• To integrate the sensor with flow analysis systems for efficient analysis.
• To evaluate the sensor's performance for detecting warfarin in environmental samples.

Main Methods:

• Utilized a commercial bound beta-cyclodextrin material as the sensing phase.
• Employed a flow-through system coupled with fluorescence detection.
• Investigated the formation of inclusion complexes between warfarin and beta-cyclodextrin.
• Assessed analytical performance, including detection limits and precision.
• Studied interference from other naphthalenic compounds.

Main Results:

• A strong fluorescence signal correlated with warfarin concentration due to inclusion complex formation.
• Achieved low detection limits: 2 ppb for continuous flow and 19 ppb for flow injection analysis.
• Demonstrated high precision with relative standard deviations below 2.3% at 0.5 ppm warfarin.
• The continuous flow method proved effective for determining warfarin in natural waters with minimal interference.

Conclusions:

• The developed flow-through optosensor offers a sensitive and reliable method for warfarin quantification.
• The sensor's integration with flow analysis systems enhances analytical efficiency.
• The method is suitable for monitoring warfarin levels in environmental matrices, such as natural waters.