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Do not snog the dog: infective endocarditis due to Capnocytophaga canimorsus
D L Ngaage1, K N Kotidis, J A Sandoe
1Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Yorkshire Heart Centre, Leeds General Infirmary, West Yorkshire, UK.
Abstract:
We present a case of prosthetic valve endocarditis and paravalvular abscess caused by the canine bacteria Capnocytophaga canimorsus in a 63-year-old man, who made a habit of snogging his pet dog. Capnocytophaga canimorsus can cause culture-negative endocarditis, therefore a high level of clinical awareness and the appropriate isolation techniques are important for making the diagnosis. Antibiotic therapy and properly timed excision of the infected focus are recommended.
Insights
A man developed prosthetic valve endocarditis due to Capnocytophaga canimorsus, a canine bacteria, after close contact with his dog. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for this rare but serious infection.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Cardiology
- Veterinary Medicine
Background:
- Prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) is a severe complication following cardiac valve replacement surgery.
- Capnocytophaga canimorsus is a rare but potentially fatal bacterium typically found in the mouths of dogs and cats.
- Zoonotic transmission of Capnocytophaga canimorsus can lead to serious human infections.
Observation:
- A 63-year-old male patient presented with symptoms suggestive of endocarditis.
- The patient had a history of close contact with his pet dog, including oral contact.
- Infective endocarditis was diagnosed, complicated by a paravalvular abscess.
Findings:
- The causative agent was identified as Capnocytophaga canimorsus, a canine-associated bacterium.
- The patient's condition mimicked culture-negative endocarditis, highlighting diagnostic challenges.
- The infection involved both the prosthetic valve and the surrounding tissue, forming a paravalvular abscess.
Implications:
- This case underscores the risk of zoonotic transmission of Capnocytophaga canimorsus from pets to humans.
- High clinical suspicion and specialized diagnostic techniques are essential for identifying Capnocytophaga canimorsus in culture-negative endocarditis.
- Prompt antibiotic therapy combined with surgical intervention (excision of the infected focus) is recommended for optimal patient outcomes.