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Published on: August 10, 2017
Glucose regulation of gene expression
F Foufelle1, J Girard, P Ferré
1U465 INSERM, Centre Biomédical des Cordeliers, Paris, France.
Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care
|November 24, 1999
Summary
Mammals adapt to nutrient availability through gene expression regulation. Glucose metabolism, particularly glucose-6-phosphate, signals liver cells to upregulate lipogenic and glycolytic enzymes, involving a kinase/phosphatase system.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Nutrient availability influences mammalian gene expression for adaptation.
- Glucose upregulates genes for lipogenic and glycolytic enzymes in liver and adipose tissue.
- Metabolism of glucose is essential for its role as a gene inducer.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the molecular mechanisms of glucose-mediated gene regulation in mammals.
- To identify the signaling metabolite and transcription factors involved in glucose response.
- To elucidate the role of kinase/phosphatase systems in nutrient-regulated gene expression.
Main Methods:
- In vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted.
- Characterization of DNA glucose response elements.
- Analysis of transcription factor binding (USF/MLTF) and kinase/phosphatase activity.
Main Results:
- Glucose-6-phosphate is suggested as the key signaling metabolite in the liver.
- Specific DNA sequences (5'-CACGTG-3') involved in glucose response were identified.
- USF/MLTF binding showed conflicting results, indicating other factors may be involved.
- A kinase/phosphatase system, potentially involving AMP-activated protein kinase or SNF 1, mediates the glucose effect.
Conclusions:
- Glucose regulates gene expression through its metabolite glucose-6-phosphate.
- The transcription factor USF/MLTF and potentially other factors play a role in this regulation.
- Kinase/phosphatase systems are crucial for mediating the effects of glucose on gene expression.
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