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Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in childhood
F M Quinn1, A C Dick, M T Corbally
1Department of Surgery, Our Lady's Hospital for Sick Children, Crumlin, Dublin 12, Republic of Ireland.
Archives of Disease in Childhood
|November 26, 1999
Summary
Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is a rare kidney infection often misdiagnosed. This study highlights key clinical and investigative findings in children with XGP to improve preoperative diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Renal Pathology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is a rare, severe chronic kidney infection.
- XGP manifestations mimic neoplastic and inflammatory renal diseases, leading to frequent misdiagnosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between clinical history and renal investigation findings in pediatric Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis.
- To improve the preoperative diagnostic accuracy of XGP in children.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 31 pediatric cases diagnosed with Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis between 1963 and 1999.
- Analysis of clinical history, laboratory results, and imaging findings.
Main Results:
- Fever, pyuria, and positive urine cultures were common findings.
- Anemia and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate were prevalent.
- Renal calculi were present in most cases, with significant reduction in affected kidney function.
- Contralateral kidney hypertrophy was observed in over half of the patients.
Conclusions:
- Increased awareness of Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis clinical and investigative features is crucial.
- Suspecting XGP preoperatively can improve diagnostic outcomes in pediatric patients.