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Related Experiment Videos

Skin pH changes associated with iontophoresis.

J S Guffey1, M J Rutherford, W Payne

  • 1Arkansas State University, State University 72467, USA. jguffey@crow.astate.edu

The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy
|November 27, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Iontophoresis at lower doses (20-40 mA/min) causes minimal skin pH changes, buffered or not. Higher doses (80 mA/min) without buffers significantly alter skin pH, but buffers effectively stabilize it.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Electrophysiology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • The necessity of buffers to maintain stable skin pH during iontophoresis remains unclear.
  • The comparative efficacy of different buffering systems, such as immobile resins versus phosphate buffers, requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate skin surface pH alterations resulting from iontophoresis.
  • To determine if significant skin pH changes occur under the cathode during iontophoresis.
  • To assess the impact of various electrode-buffering systems on stabilizing skin pH.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial involving 60 subjects was conducted.
  • Subjects received iontophoresis with normal saline using either buffered or nonbuffered electrode systems.

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  • Skin surface pH was measured pre- and post-treatment using a flat-surface pH electrode.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant skin pH changes were observed only at an 80 mA/minute dose with a nonbuffered electrode.
    • Lower doses (20 and 40 mA/min) resulted in minor pH changes, regardless of buffer use.

    Conclusions:

    • Iontophoresis at 20 and 40 mA/min causes minimal skin pH changes, with or without buffers.
    • At 80 mA/min, unbuffered electrodes induce significant pH changes, whereas buffers (immobile resins or phosphates) effectively stabilize the skin pH.