Invasive EEG monitoring in children: when, where, and what?

With rapid advances in noninvasive technology, the need for chronic intracranial monitoring to define the epileptogenic region has diminished significantly. Its role in presurgical evaluation has come under scrutiny particularly in adults with lesional epilepsy. With the shift in surgical candidacy toward the younger age groups, however, invasive monitoring has regained its utility especially in children with normal imaging studies and cortical dysplasia. This review critically evaluates its continuing role, attempting to assess cost-benefit under specific clinical scenarios and proposes how the findings can be incorporated into the challenging task of surgical planning in intractable childhood epilepsy.