Related Experiment Videos
[Induction of anesthesia in ambulatory surgery in children]
Insights
Pediatric anesthesia induction using ethrane or fluothane with nitrous oxide and oxygen showed less impact on central hemodynamics compared to intravenous calipsol. These inhalant anesthetics promoted parasympathetic nervous system activity in children.
Area of Science:
- Anesthesiology
- Pediatric Surgery
- Autonomic Nervous System Physiology
Background:
- Anesthesia induction in pediatric surgery requires careful consideration of hemodynamic stability.
- Different anesthetic agents elicit varied autonomic nervous system responses.
- Optimizing anesthetic techniques for children is crucial for patient safety.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the effects of ethrane, fluothane, and calipsol on central hemodynamics and autonomic nervous system activity in pediatric patients undergoing one-day surgery.
- To evaluate the induction time and hemodynamic responses associated with different anesthetic regimens.
Main Methods:
- A comparative study involving 163 children (aged 3-16 years) undergoing elective surgery.
- Patients were divided into three groups receiving different induction anesthesia: ethrane inhalation, fluothane inhalation, or intravenous calipsol.
- Central hemodynamic parameters, cardiointervalograms, and respiratory function were monitored and analyzed.
Main Results:
- Induction with ethrane (4-12 min) was longer than with fluothane (3-5 min).
- Ethrane and fluothane combined with nitrous oxide and oxygen resulted in less pronounced central hemodynamic changes compared to calipsol.
- Inhalant anesthesia (ethrane, fluothane) decreased sympathetic tone and increased parasympathetic activity, while calipsol promoted sympathetic dominance.
Conclusions:
- Ethrane and fluothane, when used with nitrous oxide and oxygen for pediatric anesthesia induction, offer a more stable hemodynamic profile.
- Calipsol induction is associated with a more significant sympathetic nervous system activation in children.
- These findings support the use of specific inhalant anesthetic combinations for better autonomic balance during pediatric surgical procedures.
Abstract:
The studies were carried out in 163 children aged 3-16 years operated in a one-day hospital. The patients were divided into 3 groups administered different types of induction anesthesia: 1) ethrane inhalation up to 3 vol% and N2O with O2 in 1:1 ratio (56 children); 2) fluothane up to 3.5 vol% and N2O with O2 in 2:1 ratio (87 children); and 3) intravenous calipsol in a dose of 2-4 mg/kg (20 children). Central hemodynamic parameters, cardiointervalograms, and external respiration function were analyzed. Induction with ethrane was longer (4-12 min) than with fluothane (3-5 min). The reaction of central hemodynamics was less expressed after induction anesthesia with ethrane and fluothane in combination with N2O and O2 than after calipsol, leading to a decrease in the sympathetic tone and a higher activity of the parasympathetic component of the autonomic nervous system. Calipsol induction was associated with the predominance of the sympathetic component of the autonomic nervous system.