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Nutrition in inflammatory bowel disease
R B Stein1, G R Lichtenstein, J L Rombeau
1University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Presbyterian Medical Center, Philadelphia 19104, USA. steinr@mail.med.upenn.edu
Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care
|December 10, 1999
Summary
This review explores how fatty acid intake, leptin, and nitric oxide contribute to intestinal inflammation in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. It also covers advances in managing bone disease, vitamin deficiency, and growth failure in inflammatory bowel disease patients.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology and Immunology
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, involve complex pathogenesis.
- Understanding the factors promoting intestinal inflammation is crucial for effective IBD management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the roles of fatty acid intake, serum leptin, and nitric oxide in IBD pathogenesis.
- To discuss recent advances in managing associated complications like bone disease, vitamin deficiency, and growth failure.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of clinical and basic research.
- Synthesis of current understanding regarding specific molecular and nutritional factors in IBD.
Main Results:
- Fatty acids, leptin, and nitric oxide are implicated in promoting intestinal inflammation in IBD.
- Significant progress has been made in addressing bone disease, vitamin deficiencies, and growth failure in IBD patients.
Conclusions:
- Fatty acid metabolism, hormonal factors (leptin), and inflammatory mediators (nitric oxide) are key players in IBD.
- Advances in nutritional support, including home parenteral nutrition, are improving outcomes for IBD patients with complex needs.