Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Analgesia.

J O Clark1, T P Clark

  • 1Animal Health Safety and Metabolism Central Research, Pfizer, Groton, CT 06340-8003, USA.

The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Equine Practice
|December 10, 1999
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Alleviating animal pain involves targeting receptors and reducing inflammation. Opioids, alpha-2 agonists, and NSAIDs are key for visceral and musculoskeletal pain in horses, with careful consideration of side effects.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Plerixafor is superior to conventional chemotherapy for first-line stem cell mobilisation, and is effective even in heavily pretreated patients.

Blood cancer journal·2014
Same author

The safety and effectiveness of a long-acting transdermal fentanyl solution compared with oxymorphone for the control of postoperative pain in dogs: a randomized, multicentered clinical study.

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics·2013
Same author

Evidence-based medicine: the design and interpretation of noninferiority clinical trials in veterinary medicine.

Journal of veterinary internal medicine·2013
Same author

The history and pharmacology of fentanyl: relevance to a novel, long-acting transdermal fentanyl solution newly approved for use in dogs.

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics·2012
Same author

Pharmacokinetics and dose selection of a novel, long-acting transdermal fentanyl solution in healthy laboratory Beagles.

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics·2012
Same author

Pharmacokinetics and the effect of application site on a novel, long-acting transdermal fentanyl solution in healthy laboratory Beagles.

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics·2012
Same journal

Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Therapies for Liver Disease.

The Veterinary clinics of North America. Equine practice·2026
Same journal

Clinical Signs of Liver Disease in Horses.

The Veterinary clinics of North America. Equine practice·2026
Same journal

Syndrome of High Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase in Racehorses.

The Veterinary clinics of North America. Equine practice·2026
Same journal

Equine Hepatology in Practice: Insights, Challenges, and Progress.

The Veterinary clinics of North America. Equine practice·2026
Same journal

Pathophysiology and Treatment of Hepatic Encephalopathy.

The Veterinary clinics of North America. Equine practice·2026
Same journal

Viral Hepatitis.

The Veterinary clinics of North America. Equine practice·2026
See all related articles

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pharmacology
  • Animal Pain Management

Background:

  • Pain alleviation is crucial for animal welfare and ethical medical practices.
  • Pharmacotherapy targets nociceptors and central nervous system pathways.
  • Three main strategies include opioid receptor activation, alpha-2 receptor activation, and prostaglandin synthesis inhibition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review pharmacologic strategies for pain management in animals, focusing on horses.
  • To discuss the use of opioids, alpha-2 agonists, and NSAIDs for visceral and musculoskeletal pain.
  • To highlight factors influencing therapeutic choices, such as pain etiology, duration, sedation, and side effects.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on equine pain management pharmacotherapy.
  • Comparison of different drug classes (opioids, alpha-2 agonists, NSAIDs) for specific pain types.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of factors influencing drug selection and potential adverse effects.

    • Main Results:

    • Opioids and alpha-2 agonists are effective for visceral pain (e.g., colic); butorphanol is a key opioid.
    • Alpha-2 agonists cause sedation, while some opioids increase CNS excitability.
    • NSAIDs (e.g., flunixin meglumine, ketoprofen) are useful for inflammatory pain and endotoxemia, with NSAIDs often used for chronic musculoskeletal conditions.

    Conclusions:

    • Therapeutic choices for equine pain depend on pain type, duration, and desired effects.
    • NSAIDs vary in efficacy and side effect profiles (e.g., ulcerogenicity), necessitating careful selection.
    • Understanding drug mechanisms and side effects is vital for effective and safe pain management in horses.