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Attentional resources in hypnotic responding.

I Kirsch1, C A Burgess, W Braffman

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Connecticut, Storrs 06269-1020, USA. irvingk@uconnvm.uconn.edu

The International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis
|January 5, 2000
PubMed
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Cognitive load impacts hypnotic responding, requiring attentional effort for memory suppression and recall. Simulators showed less recall and subjective responses under low cognitive load conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

  • Hypnotic responding theories propose different roles for attentional processes.
  • Understanding the influence of cognitive load on hypnotic suggestions is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test predictions from neodissociation, dissociation control, response set, and ironic process theories.
  • To investigate the impact of cognitive load on hypnotic suggestions in high and low suggestible individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Administered suggestions with and without cognitive load to high suggestible participants and low suggestible simulators.
  • Assessed responses to ideomotor, cognitive, and challenge suggestions, including suggested amnesia.
  • Examined the effect of cognitive load on recall and subjective experiences.

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Main Results:

  • Cognitive load interfered with ideomotor and cognitive suggestions but not challenge suggestions.
  • Cognitive load decreased recall on amnesia trials, and even more on preceding and subsequent recall trials.
  • Simulators showed less recall and reported lower subjective responses under low cognitive load.

Conclusions:

  • Attentional effort is necessary for both memory recall and suppression during hypnosis.
  • Cognitive load differentially affects various types of hypnotic suggestions.
  • Subjective experiences in hypnosis are modulated by cognitive load and individual suggestibility.