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Updated: Aug 13, 2026

VDJ-Seq: Deep Sequencing Analysis of Rearranged Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain Gene to Reveal Clonal Evolution Patterns of B Cell Lymphoma
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VDJ-Seq: Deep Sequencing Analysis of Rearranged Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain Gene to Reveal Clonal Evolution Patterns of B Cell Lymphoma

Published on: December 28, 2015

Evidence for a stepwise evolution of the CD3 family

T W Göbel1, J P Dangy

  • 1Institute for Animal Physiology, Munich, Germany. goebel@tiph.vetmed.uni-muenchen.de

Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|January 7, 2000
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals that the T-cell receptor (TCR) CD3 complex evolved stepwise, with chickens possessing only two linked CD3 genes, unlike mammals. This finding highlights significant structural differences between mammalian and nonmammalian vertebrates, supporting an ancestral CD3gammadelta protein.

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