Decomposition and quantitative analysis of clinical electromyographic signals

Procedures for the quantitative analysis of clinical electromyographic (EMG) signals detected simultaneously using selective or micro and non-selective or macro electrodes are presented. The procedures first involve the decomposition of the micro signals and then the quantitative analysis of the resulting motor unit action potential trains (MUAPTs) in conjunction with the associated macro signal. The decomposition procedures consist of a series of algorithms that are successively and iteratively applied to resolve a composite micro EMG signal into its constituent MUAPTs. The algorithms involve the detection of motor unit action potentials (MUAPs), MUAP clustering and supervised classification and they use shape and firing pattern information along with data dependent assignment criteria to obtain robust performance across a variety of EMG signals. The accuracy, extent and speed with which a set of 10 representative 20-30 s, concentric needle detected, micro signals could be decomposed are reported and discussed. The decomposition algorithms had a maximum and average error rate of 2.5% and 0.7%, respectively, on average assigned 88.7% of the detected MUAPs and took between 4 to 8 s. Quantitative analysis techniques involving average micro and macro MUAP shapes, the variability of micro MUAPs shapes and motor unit firing patterns are described and results obtained from analysis of the data set used to evaluate the decomposition algorithms are summarized and discussed.