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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

172
Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin,...
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Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

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Overview
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Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...
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Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

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Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...
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Upper Respiratory Drugs: First and Second-Generation Antihistamines01:15

Upper Respiratory Drugs: First and Second-Generation Antihistamines

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Antihistamines are a class of drugs widely used to alleviate the symptoms of allergies, such as sneezing, itching, and nasal congestion. They work by inhibiting the actions of histamine, which is released by immune cells in response to allergenic substances or tissue injuries.
Histamine binds to specific receptor sites, known as H1 receptors, on tissue cells, triggering inflammation and swelling. Antihistamines combat these effects by competing with histamine for these receptor sites. By...
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Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management01:30

Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management

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The diagnosis and management of asthma are comprehensive, encompassing clinical assessments, lung function tests, and pharmacological interventions. Here's an overview:
Clinical Assessment for Asthma:
This is the first step in diagnosing and managing asthma. It includes:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 29, 2026

Symptom Assessment of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Using an Allergen Exposure Chamber
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The allergist in the new millennium.

S I Wasserman1

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103, USA.

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|January 12, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Allergy and immunology, a 20th-century specialty, faces evolving challenges in 21st-century American medicine. This review discusses the field's history and future for clinicians and researchers.

Area of Science:

  • Allergy and immunology research and clinical practice.

Background:

  • The field of allergy and immunology became a distinct specialty in the early 20th century.
  • The approaching 21st century presents unique challenges for the specialty within American medicine.

Observation:

  • The evolution of clinical and academic life impacts practitioners, educators, and investigators.
  • A historical perspective on the development of allergy and immunology is presented.

Findings:

  • The abstract discusses the current state of allergy and immunology.
  • It offers a personal perspective on the future trajectory of the field.

Implications:

  • Understanding the historical context is crucial for navigating future challenges in allergy and immunology.

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  • The review aims to guide clinicians and academicians in this evolving medical specialty.