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Vigabatrin: a novel therapy for seizure disorders
B E Gidal1, M D Privitera, R D Sheth
1School of Pharmacy and Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706, USA. BEGIDAL@pharmacy.wisc.edu
The Annals of Pharmacotherapy
|January 12, 2000
Summary
Vigabatrin effectively manages partial seizures and infantile spasms by inhibiting gamma-aminobutyric acid transaminase. This antiepileptic drug is generally well-tolerated with few drug interactions.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology and Neurology
Background:
- Vigabatrin is an antiepileptic drug.
- It is a selective and irreversible inhibitor of gamma-aminobutyric acid transaminase.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and adverse effects of vigabatrin.
- To evaluate its role in managing seizure disorders.
Main Methods:
- MEDLINE search of English-language literature (1993-1999).
- Included randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies.
- Manufacturer-provided postmarketing surveillance data.
Main Results:
- Vigabatrin (add-on therapy) reduced seizure frequency by 24-67% in partial seizures.
- Monotherapy showed efficacy in newly diagnosed epilepsy and infantile spasms.
- Generally well-tolerated; common adverse effects include headache and drowsiness. Visual field defects and psychiatric reactions also reported.
Conclusions:
- Vigabatrin improves seizure control in refractory partial seizures and infantile spasms.
- Generally well-tolerated with convenient administration and no routine monitoring needed.