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Intercalation of Benzamide into Kaolinite
Gardolinski1, Ramos, de Souza GP
1Research Center in Applied Chemistry, CEPESQ, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, UFPR, Curitiba, PR, 81531-990, Brazil
Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
|January 13, 2000
Summary
This study details the successful intercalation of benzamide into kaolinite by displacing dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). The resulting kaolinite-benzamide (K-BZ) derivative shows structural stabilization via hydrogen bonding, with benzamide oriented at 68 degrees.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Mineralogy
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Kaolinite clay mineral exhibits layered structures amenable to intercalation.
- Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) is a common intercalating agent for kaolinite.
- Benzamide is a functional organic molecule with potential applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the intercalation of benzamide into kaolinite.
- To characterize the resulting kaolinite-benzamide (K-BZ) derivative.
- To understand the mechanism and structural implications of benzamide intercalation.
Main Methods:
- Reaction of kaolinite with DMSO to form K-DMSO.
- Intercalation of benzamide into K-DMSO at elevated temperatures.
- Characterization using Powder X-ray Diffractometry (PXRD), Thermal Analysis (TG/DSC), and FTIR spectroscopy.
Main Results:
- Successful displacement of DMSO by benzamide within kaolinite interlayers.
- Formation of a stable K-BZ derivative.
- Identification of hydrogen bonding between benzamide and kaolinite aluminol groups.
- Benzamide molecules oriented at approximately 68 degrees to the kaolinite layer surface.
Conclusions:
- Benzamide can be effectively intercalated into kaolinite, displacing DMSO.
- Hydrogen bonding plays a crucial role in the structural stabilization of the K-BZ derivative.
- The orientation and non-keying nature of benzamide influence kaolinite's interplanar spacing.
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