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Long-term changes of hydroxyapatite-coated dental implants.

I Baltag1, K Watanabe, H Kusakari

  • 1Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan. ibaltag@dent.niigata-u.ac.jp

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research
|January 15, 2000
PubMed
Summary

Hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated implants showed coating loss and changes in composition and structure after implantation. These alterations, including ion substitutions, were observed but not definitively linked to implant failure in this study.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Dental Implantology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Long-term prognosis of hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated implants remains debated.
  • Implant failure may stem from degradation of the HA coating post-implantation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the morphology, composition, and structure of HA coatings on retrieved dental implants.
  • To characterize changes in HA coatings after implantation and assess their relationship to implant performance.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of retrieved and unused HA-coated blade-type implants.
  • Techniques included stereomicroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA).

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Main Results:

  • Retrieved implants exhibited partial coating loss, particularly at edges.
  • HA coatings showed morphological changes (flattening, roughening) and compositional alterations (increased Cl, Mg; decreased OH) in retrieved implants.
  • XRD indicated peak broadening, suggesting increased lattice imperfections in retrieved HA coatings.

Conclusions:

  • Morphological and compositional changes in HA coatings occur after implantation, influenced by biomechanical factors.
  • Ion substitutions contribute to lattice imperfections in retrieved HA coatings.
  • The direct impact of these observed coating changes on implant failure could not be confirmed in this investigation.