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School-based screening for sexually-transmitted diseases.

D A Cohen, M Nsuami, B Brooks

    The Journal of the Louisiana State Medical Society : Official Organ of the Louisiana State Medical Society
    |January 22, 2000
    PubMed
    Summary
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    School-based urine testing effectively identified asymptomatic chlamydia and gonorrhea in adolescents. This screening approach is feasible, acceptable, and reduced infection rates, highlighting the need for expanded programs to combat STDs.

    Area of Science:

    • Public Health
    • Epidemiology
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Chlamydia and gonorrhea are prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) disproportionately affecting adolescents.
    • In 1997, Louisiana reported high rates of gonorrhea and chlamydia, ranking fifth and seventh nationally.
    • Advancements in DNA amplification technology enable urine-based diagnosis of these STDs, including in asymptomatic individuals.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess the feasibility and effectiveness of a school-based urine screening program for chlamydia and gonorrhea among urban high school students in Louisiana.
    • To determine the prevalence of these STDs in an adolescent population and identify risk factors or patterns.

    Main Methods:

    • A pilot screening program was implemented in 12 urban public high schools in Louisiana.

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  • All students were offered a urine test utilizing DNA amplification technology for diagnosing chlamydia and gonorrhea.
  • Data on infection rates, gender differences, and changes in prevalence over time were collected.

    • Main Results:

    • The urine screening program successfully identified a significant number of asymptomatic infections.
    • Infection rates were consistently higher in girls, often at least double those in boys.
    • The prevalence of chlamydia infection demonstrated a decrease over the study period.

    Conclusions:

    • School-based screening using urine tests is a feasible and acceptable method for detecting chlamydia and gonorrhea in asymptomatic youth.
    • The program effectively identified a large number of infected students, indicating its value in early detection and intervention.
    • Expansion of screening programs targeting asymptomatic adolescents is recommended to reduce the community burden of these common STDs.