Viral pneumonias. Multifaceted approach to an elusive diagnosis

Despite enhanced laboratory techniques such as viral culture, rapid antigen detection, and gene amplification, a confident diagnosis of viral pneumonia continues to be a challenge. The nonspecific nature of clinical characteristics and the extreme sensitivity of laboratory techniques make the diagnosis difficult, even when a viral agent is detected. Understanding the limitations of these technological advances and the use of histopathologic techniques can greatly enhance a skilled clinician's ability to make an accurate diagnosis.