Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 17, 2026

In vitro Assessment of Myocardial Protection following Hypothermia-Preconditioning in a Human Cardiac Myocytes Model
08:22

In vitro Assessment of Myocardial Protection following Hypothermia-Preconditioning in a Human Cardiac Myocytes Model

Published on: October 27, 2020

Increased glycolytic substrate protection improves ischemic cardiac dysfunction and reduces injury

C S Apstein1

  • 1Cardiac Muscle Research Laboratory, Boston University School of Medicine, MA 02118, USA. capstein@bu.edu

American Heart Journal
|January 29, 2000
PubMed

Insights

Glucose-insulin-potassium (GIK) shows efficacy in supporting cardiac function during and after surgery. Recent trials confirm GIK

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Metabolic Research
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Early studies on glucose-insulin-potassium (GIK) for acute myocardial infarction yielded inconclusive results.
  • Recent advancements in clinical research have re-evaluated the therapeutic potential of GIK.
  • Growing evidence suggests metabolic interventions can impact cardiac outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of glucose-insulin-potassium (GIK) in managing acute myocardial infarction.
  • To assess the role of GIK as metabolic support during and after cardiac surgery.
  • To correlate clinical findings with experimental data on myocardial protection.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted placebo-controlled, prospective, randomized clinical trials.
  • Included patients with acute myocardial infarction.
  • Included patients undergoing cardiac surgery for metabolic support.
  • Performed experimental studies on ischemic myocardium.

Main Results:

  • Recent randomized trials demonstrated the efficacy of GIK for acute myocardial infarction.
  • GIK proved effective for metabolic support during and after cardiac surgery.
  • Experimental studies confirmed a protective effect of glycolytic substrate on ischemic heart tissue.
  • Improved bioenergetic status was observed in conjunction with GIK administration.

Conclusions:

  • Glucose-insulin-potassium (GIK) is effective for acute myocardial infarction and cardiac surgery support.
  • Experimental data support the clinical efficacy of GIK through enhanced myocardial metabolism.
  • GIK represents a promising therapeutic strategy for ischemic heart conditions.

More Related Videos

Postconditioning with Lactate-enriched Blood for Cardioprotection in ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction05:26

Postconditioning with Lactate-enriched Blood for Cardioprotection in ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Published on: May 28, 2019

A Microscopic 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium Chloride Assay for Accurate and Reliable Analysis of Myocardial Injury11:17

A Microscopic 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium Chloride Assay for Accurate and Reliable Analysis of Myocardial Injury

Published on: November 28, 2025

Related Concept Videos

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers

Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
Muscle Recovery and Fatigue01:24

Muscle Recovery and Fatigue

Muscle fatigue refers to the decline in a muscle's ability to maintain the force of contraction after prolonged activity. It primarily stems from changes within muscle fibers. Even before experiencing muscle fatigue, one may feel tired and have the urge to stop the activity. This response, known as central fatigue, occurs due to changes in the central nervous system, namely the brain and spinal cord. While there is no single mechanism that induces fatigue, it may serve as a protective response...
Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview01:17

Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview

Ischemic heart disease occurs when the heart's blood supply dwindles, causing an ominous lack of oxygen and nutrients. This deficiency, stemming from reduced or obstructed blood flow, spells danger, leading to heart muscle damage and dysfunction.
Atherosclerosis, the primary malefactor, orchestrates this dangerous condition. It manifests as the accumulation of fatty deposits, akin to insidious plaques, within arterial walls. As time elapses, these plaques metamorphose, hardening and narrowing...