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Related Experiment Videos

Habits as knowledge structures: automaticity in goal-directed behavior.

H Aarts1, A Dijksterhuis

  • 1Department of Psychology and Language, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands. h.a.g.aarts@tm.tue.nl

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
|February 1, 2000
PubMed
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Habits function as goal-directed automatic behaviors, where activated goals trigger habitual actions. This automaticity depends on the goal

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Habits are often viewed as automatic behaviors.
  • This study explores habits as goal-directed automatic actions.
  • Habits are mentally represented as associations between goals and actions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the hypothesis that habits are a form of goal-directed automatic behavior.
  • To investigate if activated goals can automatically trigger habitual actions.
  • To examine the role of goal-dependent automaticity in habit formation.

Main Methods:

  • The study involved 3 experiments.
  • Researchers tested the automatic activation of habitual responses when goals were activated.
  • Implementation intentions were formed to simulate goal-directed automaticity.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Behavioral responses are automatically activated when behavior is habitual.
  • Automaticity in habits is conditional on the presence of an active goal (goal-dependent automaticity).
  • Implementation intentions may simulate goal-directed automaticity in habits.

Conclusions:

  • Habits are mentally represented as goal-action links.
  • Automaticity in habits is goal-dependent.
  • Implementation intentions can mimic goal-directed automaticity in habits.