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Tuberculosis in chronic renal failure in Jeddah
1Department of Medicine, King Khalid National Guard Hospital, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
International Urology and Nephrology
|February 11, 2000
Summary
Patients with chronic renal failure on dialysis face a high risk of developing tuberculosis (TB). Routine screening and preventive therapy are recommended to combat this significant public health threat.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Immunocompromised patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) on haemodialysis are at increased risk of tuberculosis.
- Tuberculosis (TB) incidence remains high globally, particularly in developing nations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence of tuberculosis in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing haemodialysis.
- To assess the clinical presentation and outcomes of tuberculosis in this high-risk population.
Main Methods:
- Prospective follow-up of 80 patients with CRF over three years.
- Regular monitoring using Mantoux tests, chest radiographs, and sputum analysis every six months.
- Early diagnosis and initiation of anti-tuberculosis therapy.
Main Results:
- Tuberculosis developed in 8 (10%) patients during the three-year study period.
- Diverse presentations included pulmonary, renal, cervical lymph node, and tuberculous meningitis.
- All diagnosed patients responded well to early anti-tuberculosis treatment.
Conclusions:
- Patients with chronic renal failure on haemodialysis represent a vulnerable group for tuberculosis development.
- Routine screening for tuberculosis in renal units and chemoprophylaxis for haemodialysis patients are crucial.
- Early diagnosis and treatment are vital for patient outcomes and public health, especially in high-incidence regions.