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Structural heart adaptations in triathletes.

C Claessens1, P Claessens, H Bloemen

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Gasthuisberg University Hospital, Leuven, Belgium. jan.claessens@village.uunet.be

Acta Cardiologica
|February 15, 2000
PubMed
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Triathletes exhibit unique cardiac adaptations, including normal diastolic function, suggesting elite athletic potential may be innate. This "athletic heart" may represent a transitional phase rather than a specific physiological entity.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Sports Cardiology
  • Exercise Science

Background:

  • Triathlon performance necessitates significant cardiovascular, hemodynamic, and metabolic adaptations.
  • The heart is a critical limiting factor in endurance sports like triathlons.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the structural and functional cardiac adaptations in male triathletes.
  • To compare cardiac characteristics between triathletes and a control group of active men.

Main Methods:

  • 52 male triathletes were categorized into 4 subgroups based on performance.
  • Cardiac structure and function were assessed and compared to 22 healthy, active controls.

Main Results:

  • Triathletes displayed significant mixed eccentric and concentric left ventricular hypertrophy.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Diastolic left ventricular function in triathletes was normal and superior to controls.
  • Specific characteristics were noted in the late passive diastolic filling period of triathletes.

    • Conclusions:

    • The "athletic heart" in triathletes may be a transitional phase towards dilated hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
    • Elite athletic potential might be linked to inherent left ventricular characteristics and enhanced diastolic function.