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Differences between the sexes in post-surgical pain.

C Morin1, J P Lund, T Villarroel

  • 1Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 3640 University Street, Montreal, Canada.

Pain
|February 29, 2000
PubMed
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Women perceive post-surgical pain as more intense than men, though men are more disturbed by prolonged low-level pain. This study investigated sex differences in clinical pain perception using intraoral implant surgery.

Area of Science:

  • Oral Surgery
  • Pain Perception
  • Sex Differences in Medicine

Background:

  • Existing research indicates women have lower pain thresholds in experimental settings.
  • Evidence for sex-based differences in clinical pain perception remains less conclusive.
  • Intraoral implant placement offers a controlled surgical model to study clinical pain differences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate potential sex differences in the perception of post-surgical pain.
  • To compare pain intensity and unpleasantness ratings between male and female subjects after dental implant surgery.
  • To explore temporal patterns and qualitative aspects of pain experience in relation to sex.

Main Methods:

  • Forty-eight edentulous subjects (27 female) received two anterior mandibular titanium implants under local anesthesia.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Post-surgery pain was assessed daily using visual analog scales (VAS) for intensity and unpleasantness.
  • The McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) was used for qualitative pain descriptors.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant sex differences were found in mean daily pain intensity or unpleasantness ratings over time.
    • Women predominantly reported peak pain during the day, while men reported higher pain in the evening (P=0.025).
    • Males showed a significant increase in the unpleasantness-to-intensity ratio over time, unlike females (P=0.016).
    • Women used more evaluative pain descriptors, suggesting a greater perceived intensity.

    Conclusions:

    • While overall pain intensity ratings did not differ significantly by sex, women perceived post-surgical pain as more intense.
    • Men experienced greater disturbance from persistent low-level pain compared to women.
    • Sex influences the temporal pattern and qualitative experience of clinical pain, even when intensity ratings are similar.