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Ascorbate inhibits edema in brain slices.

B Brahma1, R E Forman, E E Stewart

  • 1Department of Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York 10016, USA.

Journal of Neurochemistry
|February 29, 2000
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Brain slices lose water and swell in ascorbate-free media. Ascorbate (an antioxidant) prevents this brain edema, which is linked to oxidative stress and glutamate receptor activation.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Ascorbate (vitamin C) is a crucial antioxidant in the central nervous system (CNS), primarily found in neuronal cytosol.
  • Mammalian brain slices rapidly lose ascorbate when deprived of it in vitro, leading to water uptake and swelling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of ascorbate in preventing water gain and swelling in rat forebrain slices.
  • To explore the mechanisms underlying ascorbate-dependent regulation of brain edema.

Main Methods:

  • Coronal slices of rat forebrain were incubated for 1-3 hours at 34°C in media with or without ascorbate.
  • Water content was measured to quantify swelling.
  • The effects of antioxidants (isoascorbate, thiourea), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and receptor blockers (NMDA, non-NMDA) were assessed.

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Main Results:

  • Slices progressively gained water in ascorbate-free media, showing a significant 12% increase after 3 hours.
  • Inclusion of 400 μM ascorbate prevented water gain and increased tissue ascorbate levels.
  • Isoascorbate and thiourea did not inhibit water gain, while H2O2 exacerbated it.
  • Glutamate receptor blockers inhibited edema formation similarly to ascorbate.

Conclusions:

  • Brain edema in vitro is linked to intracellular oxidative stress and glutamate-receptor activation.
  • Ascorbate effectively prevents brain edema by mitigating oxidative stress.
  • These findings highlight ascorbate's critical role in maintaining brain tissue integrity.